• Understand and apply basic concepts of probability.
• Understand and use appropriate terminology to describe complementary and mutually exclusive events.
• Use proportionality and a basic understanding of probability to make and test conjectures about the results of experiments and simulations.
• Compute probabilities for simple compound events, using such methods as organized lists, tree diagrams, and area models.

• Solve problems that arise in mathematics and in other contexts.
• Build new mathematical knowledge through problem solving.
• Apply and adapt a variety of appropriate strategies to solve problems.
• Monitor and reflect on the process of mathematical problem solving.

• Recognize and use connections among mathematical ideas.
• Understand how mathematical ideas interconnect and build on one another to produce a coherent whole.
• Recognize and apply mathematics in contexts outside of mathematics.

• Expand meanings of fractions to include probability as an estimate of expected results over a long period
• Recognize whether events are equally likely
• Know what probability is and define its properties:
  • Probability is a number between 0 and 1
  • Sum of probabilities of all outcomes is 1
  • Probability of 0 indicates an event that never happens and probability of 1 indicates an event that always happens
• Collect, organize, and analyze data to investigate events involving chance
• Use experiments to find the relative frequency of an event and use findings to predict behavior over time
• Recognize that larger number of trials produce better estimates of relative frequencies of events
• Use organized lists, tree diagrams, and tables to investigate probabilities
• Find probabilities for randomly pulling items from a bag
• Understand that in a fair game, each player has an equal probability of winning
• Decide whether a game is fair using relative frequencies and analyses

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